Latest Technical Interview Answers - 13

Latest Technical Interview Answers - 13

Can you explain singleton pattern?
Posted:
There are situations in a project where we want only one instance of the object to be created and shared between the clients. No client can create an instance of the object from outside. There is only one instance of the class which is shared across the clients. Below are the steps to make a [...]

Can you explain shallow copy and deep copy in prototype patterns?
Posted:
There are two types of cloning for prototype patterns. One is the shallow cloning which you have just read in the first question. In shallow copy only that object is cloned, any objects containing in that object is not cloned. For instance consider the figure ‘Deep cloning in action’ we have a customer class and [...]

Can you explain prototype pattern?
Posted:
Prototype pattern falls in the section of creational pattern. It gives us a way to create new objects from the existing instance of the object. In one sentence we clone the existing object with its data. By cloning any changes to the cloned object does not affect the original object value. If you are thinking [...]

Can you explain builder pattern?
Posted:
Builder falls under the type of creational pattern category. Builder pattern helps us to separate the construction of a complex object from its representation so that the same construction process can create different representations. Builder pattern is useful when the construction of the object is very complex. The main objective is to separate the construction [...]

Can you explain abstract factory pattern?
Posted:
Abstract factory expands on the basic factory pattern. Abstract factory helps us to unite similar factory pattern classes in to one unified interface. So basically all the common factory patterns now inherit from a common abstract factory class which unifies them in a common class. All other things related to factory pattern remain same as [...]

What are design patterns?
Posted:
Design patterns are documented tried and tested solutions for recurring problems in a given context. So basically you have a problem context and the proposed solution for the same. Design patterns existed in some or other form right from the inception stage of software development. Let’s say if you want to implement a sorting algorithm [...]

For a pipeline with ?n? stages, what?s the ideal throughput? What prevents us from achieving this ideal throughput?
Posted:
With “n” stage pipeline the throughput should be “n” instructions. As the pipe stages can’t be perfectly balanced ( time to perform task in a pipeline stage), furthermore pipeline does involve some overheads.

Cache Size is 64KB, Block size is 32B and the cache is Two-Way Set Associative. For a 32-bit physical address, give the division between Block Offset, Index and Tag.
Posted:
64k/32 = 2000 blocks 2 way set assoc- 2000/2 = 1000 lines-> 10 bits for index 32B block-> 5 bits for block offset 32-10-5= 17 bits for tag

How do you handle precise exceptions or interrupts?
Posted:
Like java have a feature for handling exception handling “prime catch”.the exception like divide by zero,out of bound.

The CPU is busy but you want to stop and do some other task. How do you do it?
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Arise a non maskable interrupt. Then give jump instruction to required subroutine.

what is the difference between interrupt service routine and subroutine ?
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Subroutine are the part of executing processes(like any process can call a subroutine for achieve task),while the interrupt subroutine never be the part.interrupt subroutine are subroutine that are external to a process.

For a pipeline with ?n? stages, what?s the ideal throughput? What prevents us from achieving this ideal throughput?
Posted:
With “n” stage pipeline the throughput should be “n” instructions. As the pipe stages can’t be perfectly balanced ( time to perform task in a pipeline stage), furthermore pipeline does involve some overheads.

What is a Snooping cache?
Posted:
Snooping Cache is the CACHE CONTROLLER hardware which is used to overcome the problem of “CACHE COHERENCY”.

What are the components in a Microprocessor?
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its a general purpose register. its components are one processor along with external ROM, RAM, etc

Convert a number to its two?s compliment and back
Posted:
say for example 5 is a decimal no converts it into binary format is 0101 base 2 invert this binary value 1010 add 1 with this ans we will get 2’s complement of this given no is 1011

What is the difference between primary & secondary storage device?
Posted:
In primary storage device the storage capacity is limited. It has a volatile memory. In secondary storage device the storage capacity is larger. It is a nonvolatile memory. Primary devices are: RAM / ROM. Secondary devices are: Floppy disc / Hard disk

What is called Scratch pad of computer?
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Cache Memory is scratch pad of computer.

What is NV-RAM?
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Nonvolatile Read Write Memory, also called Flash memory. It is also know as shadow RAM.

What is a compiler?
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Compiler is used to translate the high-level language program into machine code at a time. It doesn.t require special instruction to store in a memory, it stores automatically. The Execution time is less compared to Interpreter.

What are the basic expansion card types?
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ISA and PCI, ISA can be used only on XT, AT and ATX boards. The industry now considers ISA obsolete.